Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection

Mechanism of action: Strongly inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators and infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduces capillary permeability to exert potent anti-inflammatory effect; suppresses the body’s immune response to relieve allergic symptoms; also has anti-shock, anti-toxic and central antipyretic effects. It is a water-soluble dexamethasone preparation with rapid absorption after injection, rapid onset of action, long duration and weak sodium retention effect.

Indications: Used for severe bacterial/viral infections with severe toxic symptoms; severe allergic diseases including anaphylactic shock, drug allergy and urticaria; autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus; hematological diseases including leukemia and thrombocytopenic purpura; also indicated for anti-shock, cerebral edema, adrenal cortical insufficiency, severe bronchial asthma and severe malaria with hyperpyrexia.

Usage and dosage: Intravenous injection, intravenous drip or intramuscular injection. Adult: 2~20mg a time, the dosage and frequency adjusted according to the condition. Pediatric: 0.2~0.5mg per kg body weight per day, divided into 1~2 administrations, the dosage for severe cases should follow doctor’s advice strictly.

Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients allergic to this product, dexamethasone or other glucocorticoids; contraindicated in patients with systemic fungal infection; contraindicated in patients treated with live vaccines during the medication period.

Cautious population: Use with caution in patients with hypertension, diabetes, peptic ulcer, osteoporosis, glaucoma, mental illness and epilepsy; use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency, liver cirrhosis and heart failure; pregnant and lactating women use with caution (the drug can pass through placenta and breast milk); elderly patients use with caution and reduce dosage properly to prevent osteoporosis and hypertension; children use low dose for short term to avoid growth retardation.

Adverse reactions: Mild adverse reactions with short-term low-dose use; long-term or high-dose use may cause peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, moon face, buffalo hump, insomnia, irritability, osteoporosis, muscle atrophy and delayed wound healing; it can also cause increased susceptibility to infection and adrenal cortical hypofunction; rapid withdrawal after long-term medication may lead to withdrawal reaction such as fever, fatigue and hypotension.

Notes: This product is a symptomatic treatment drug, avoid long-term continuous use; antibiotics should be combined when used for bacterial infection to prevent infection aggravation; long-term medication should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal reaction; regularly monitor blood sugar, blood pressure, electrolyte and bone density during medication; avoid combined use with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.